The present study was designed to compare the effectiveness of a token program using self-administered tokens, no record keeping duties and self-administered backup reinforcement as home to a similar program where the self-administration of backup...
This study was intended to provide information regarding the use of the EMG to aid students who wish to concentrate and study better. The study hypothesized that the electromyography could be used to train subjects to attain specific levels of...
The purpose of this study was to systematically examine the role of peer reinforcement made contingent on one pupil's behavior. One disruptive pupil was selected from a primary level Learning Disability class and another from a parochial first...
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of agricultural noise on farm workers' auditory thresholds before and after a work day's exposure during the harvest season. Twenty volunteer subjects from a small farming community in North...
This multiple baseline study examined the effect of tangible reinforcers on two academic tasks and one sensory-motor task with a trainable mentally retarded class of nine subjects ranging from 12 to 16 years of age. A greater increase in the total...
This experiment investigated the effects of calisthenics as an appropriate technique to help reduce hyperactive behaviors, and increase seatwork productivity. A four year old male judged to be of average intelligence, and diagnosed as hyperactive...
This experiment compared the separate effects of behavior modifications (Stamps System) and drug therapy (Ritalin) in producing a calming effect in a hyperactive child during speech therapy.
An intellectually normal seven-year-old Caucasian...
The effects of self-monitoring upon the ‘free time’ reading behavior of twenty grade school students enrolled in a summer remedial reading course were examined. Two dependent variables were measured: the number of pages read and the...
Adolescents in both rural and urban areas are risk takers. Health risk behaviors may have damaging consequences not only for the future of these young people, but also the future of their communities. Because schools are adolescents' primary...
A baseline biological survey of plants and vertebrates was undertaken in summer of 1980 on a 12, 355 ha tract of sandsage prairie near Holcomb, Finney County, Kansas. Eighteen species of amphibians and reptiles, including seven new county records,...
Current research on adolescent Hispanic-Americans deals mostly with delinquency, drug and alcohol abuse, and teenage pregnancy. There is little, if any, information about adolescent Hispanic-American typical development. The purpose of this study...
Relatively little research has been done on the stability of expressed values of children and adolescents. The majority of the studies conducted on the subject suggest that there are many aspects of children and adolescents which remain stable with...
Native shortgrass prairie ecosystems have undergone drastic changes since European settlement, resulting in fragmentation of native prairie. With this reduction in available native habitat, it has become increasingly important to conserve the...
During the summer of 1997 I investigated the breeding biology of a primarily migratory population of Rock Wrens (Salpinctes obsoletus) in the Scott Lake State Park area of Scott County and Logan County, Kansas. I made behavioral observations on...
A relationship exists between television watching in children and aggression (Eron, Huesman, Brice, Fischer, & Mermelstein, 1983; Feshbach, 1972; Mcintyre, Teevan, 1972; Singer & Singer, 1983); children viewing violent television programs behave...
This experiment compared the separate effects of relaxation, E presence, and E absence in producing a calming effect in a hyperactive child. An apparently physically normal and intellectually gifted, Wise I.Q. 140, six year old male was instructed...
Three procedures designed t o eliminate a response were compared in 4 groups of 5 introductory psychology students. The procedures were: 1) differential reinforcement-of-other-behavior, where reinforcement occurred when the response was not...
Recent literature suggests that task difficulty is an important factor when measuring activity rates in children (Turnure , 1970a; Turnure, 1970b; Sen & Clarke, 1968). As a result, this study was undertaken to deter mine if activity levels of first...
The experiment examined the effect of a darkness contingency upon cooperative and noncooperative play. The study was divided into four phases: first baseline, first experimental, extinction, and second experimental sessions. During the...
The effect of contingent teacher touch delivered with verbal praise for desired academic and/or social behaviors on student on-task behavior was examined in two elementary classrooms. After baseline data were gathered on contingent touch and...
An experiment was conducted to assess the effects of high and low breakfast protein content on activity level in the late morning hours. Six male first grade subjects received two different breakfasts. One breakfast was high in protein (Condition...
This study examined the effects of reinforcement and reinforcement plus information on both appropriate and inappropriate behavior in subjects provided with direct reinforcement and those seated adjacent to them. Four female kindergarten subjects...
During the summer of 1980, a baseline sampling of the herpetofauna of an eight square mile tract of sandsage prairie in southwestern Kansas was conducted. Seven trapping methods were employed: drift fence-pit traps; pitfall traps; funnel traps;...
The effect of a dependent group contingency procedure on the on-task and disruptive classroom behaviors of a chi l d was examined in a fourth grade classroom of 23 students. Additional measures were taken on the subject's social status and...
This study was designed to assess the effects of four different biofeedback temperature control training procedures on activity rates of sixteen six to eight year old children of normal intelligence. Four conditions were tested: 1) autogenic...
A standard of performance, a valence statement, graphing of performance, and specific positive and negative informative feedback were used as a treatment package in a multiple baseline across subjects design to modify the self-help behaviors of...
This study was designed to assess the effects of systematic use of individual contingencies for group consequences upon the social adjustment of three behaviorally disturbed third-grade male children in a "regular" classroom. A multiple baseline...
Several articles have appeared in the recent psychological literature which point out some hazards in positively reinforcing a response with a baseline frequency greater than zero. These studies provide data which indicate that, following external...
A multiple baseline design across subjects was used to determine the effects of public display and its type on children's spelling behavior for 42 children in two fifth grade classrooms. The data indicated that public display resulted in a marked...
This study investigated the effects of visual feedback and token reinforcement on voice volume changes in mentally retarded adults with voice intensity disorders. A voice volume feedback apparatus was used in training six subjects who spoke too...
This experiment investigated the effect of pairing a primary reinforcer with a social reinforcer on the subsequent effectiveness of social reinforcement alone.
The S was an eight year old hospitalized boy diagnosed as schizophrenic. S’s peer...
The generalization effects of satiation upon the effectiveness of visual reinforcers were examined in relation to both a similar as well as a dissimilar visual reinforcer. A 100% agreement was found with five children and adults selected as judges...
This study attempted to reduce aggressive playground behavior by having students monitor their own aggressive actions, and reinforce themselves for the absence of aggressive behaviors on the playground.
Twenty-two third grade pupils from Norton....
This study investigated the role that data-based feedback given to a teacher has in the successful application of a packaged program. Three classrooms were selected, each of which contained two emotionally disturbed children. Each teacher was...
The memory performance of four educable mentally retarded individuals was investigated using a multiple baseline across subjects design. Rehearsal training, meta-mnemonic theory from cognitive psychology, and self-instructional procedures from...
A group of children ranging from 5.0 to 6.6 years of age were drawn from a number of elementary schools that serve an area of predominately rural white American children. These children were divided into three groups with one group being exposed to...
Psychology
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